Copyright

__Copyright__

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** Copyright laws are designed to encourage creative activity. They are set up to protect the works created by an author, artist, or scientist. Copyright determines that these creators should **** receive all of the credit and profit from their work. Copyright has five main principles: **
 * Description: **

1. No one except the copyright holder can reproduce the given work (without permission) 2. No one can take copyrighted item, make changes to it, and then claim it as his or her own work 3. Only the copyright holder is allowed to share the work or decide if the work is shared at all 4. Only the copyright holder can decide if the work is performed if it is a song or play 5. Only the copyright holder is allowed to display the work There is no need to register the copyright with the government. The copyright lasts for the author’s life plus 75 years or if it is created as a group or for hire, 95 years after first publication or 120 years after its creation. Anything before 1923 is not copyrighted due to changes in U.S. copyright law. There are exceptions that teachers should be aware of under the fair use doctrine. If you are using the work for commercial purposes, you must abide by the copyright law. If you are using the work for teaching purposes and it is a fact-based work, you may use it freely. If you are using the work for teaching purposes but it is a creative work (such as a song), you can only use a small amount and using that small amount cannot hurt the market for the work.

What is the impact of this issue on K-12 schools, educators, and students?
** If a school system fails to abide by copyright law, they can be sued by the author or owner. This could lead to a substantial loss in revenue for the school system as well as bad publicity that could lead to layoffs and decreased funding. ** ** If a teacher fails to abide by copyright law, he or she too could be sued for infringement and face serious consequences. A student could also be sued for copyright infringement. However, more than this, a student can acquire bad habits while in school about copyright law and continue these habits. This can lead to later lawsuits. Further, the student can ignore copyright laws for things such as file sharing (such as music or illegal software) and face legal consequences for this reason. ** ** Aside from the legal ramifications of copyright infringement, there is the moral impact of ignoring these laws. If a student ever creates a work, he or she should have the right to keep that work and take credit for it. To deny him or her this is wrong in a moral sense. **

__Grades PreK-2__
Role Play for k-6 One good way to get the point across about copyright at a very young age is to do a role play. You may want to modify this to suit your students, but the role play could go something like this: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">have your students do some kind of creative activity such as drawing a picture or writing a story <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">find one that you like and tell the student how good it is and how much you like it <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">go back to your desk and duplicate the drawing or story almost exactly, changing only one or two elements <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">have a group "show and tell" about the artwork or the story, making sure the student shows his/her work before you do <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">the class should notice that your work is almost identical <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">generate discussion <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">__﻿__

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">__**Grades 3-5**__
Children at these grade levels don't always understand that copying information from a book is against the law if they do not site the source. Teachers can help students in grades 3-5 better understand copyrighting by disscusing social, ethical, and human issues. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Social, Ethical, and Human Issues || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">6. Discuss common uses of technology in daily life and the advantages and disadvantages associated with each ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * ~ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Goal ||~ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Content Standard ||~ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Specific Content ||~ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Lesson/Activity ||~ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">NETS (students) ||~ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">NETS (teachers) ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Grades 3-5
 * ^  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">7. Discuss basic issues related to responsible use of technology and information including personal consequences of inappropriate use ||   || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Role Play] ||   || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">VI.A.1-2 ||
 * ^  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">8. Identify legal and ethical behaviors when using information and technology. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Copyright laws and fair use guidelines || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Role Play] ||   ||^   ||
 * ^  ||^   || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Acceptable use policy || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Role Play], [|Chatting Safely] ||^   ||^   ||
 * ^  ||^   || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Internet use || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Chatting Safely] ||^   ||^   ||
 * ^  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">9. Identify areas in which technology has impacted human lives. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Examples: transportation, communication, nutrition, sanitation, health care, entertainment ||   ||^   ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">__**Grades 6-8**__
Grades 6-8 are when students start using information sources more to find information for projects and papers. Teachers can help studsents at these grade levels to understand copyright laws an policies by looking back at how technology has changed our history and how it has effected our work environment, identifying examples of copyright violations, and practicing how to properly site electronic sources. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Social, Ethical, and Human Issues || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">6. Describe current changes in information technologies and the effect those changes have on the workplace and society. ||  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Travel Brochure] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Chatting Safely] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Shareware] ||  ||   || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Copyright Violation] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Shareware] ||  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">VI.A.1-2 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Copyright Violation] ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Grades 6-8
 * ^  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">7. Analyze ways in which technology has influenced the course of history. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Examples: revolutions in agriculture, manufacturing, medicine, warfare, transportation, communication || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Travel Brochure] ||   ||   ||
 * ^  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">8. Identify examples of copyright violations, computer fraud, and possible penalties. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Examples: unauthorized use, computer hacking, software piracy, virus dissemination, fines || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Travel Brochure]
 * ^  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">9. Cite electronic sources properly || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Example: using MLA or APA style manuals || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Travel Brochure]

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">__**Grades 9-12**__
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Students in grades 9-12 are at a high enough level to learn aboout copyright laws and policies. Teachers can have these grade levels practice and interpret these copyright laws by obtaining permission to use elctronic media sources/products, <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">determining considerations necessary to use electronic media sources/products, and explaining consequences of copyright violations.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Grades 9-12

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Social, Ethical, and Human Issues Information Ownership || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">13. Interpret copyright laws and policies with regard to ownership and use of information. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Obtaining permission to use electronic media sources/products || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Travel Brochure] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Copyright Violation] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Shareware] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Linking] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Contributory Infringement] || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">2.7.1 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">VI.A.1-2 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Examples: fair use (educational and personal), software licensing || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Travel Brochure] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Copyright Violation] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Shareware] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Linking] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Contributory Infringement] ||^  ||^   || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Shareware] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Linking] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Contributory Infringement] ||^  ||^   ||
 * ^  ||^   || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Determining considerations necessary to use electronic media sources/products
 * ^  ||^   || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Explaining consequences of copyright violations || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Copyright Violation]

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Additional Links:
<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[] (copyright for teachers and school librarians) <span style="color: #2a1d1d; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[] (how to teach copyright in schools) <span style="color: #2a1d1d; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[] (this website describes how to teaching copyright and breaks it down by grade)

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">References:
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">[] (charts)